Copyright and disclaimer

Copyright (c) 2026 Hamza Aradi, RN, BSN. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the author, except for brief quotations with proper credit for education or review.

Disclaimer. This publication is for education and care-planning support. It does not replace clinical judgment, local protocols, or medical advice, and should be reviewed by a qualified clinician before clinical use. Scenarios are fictional; numbers such as vital signs and targets are examples only.

Independence. The problem statements, descriptions, codes, and grouping in this work are original. This work is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by NANDA International or any other nursing terminology organization.

Clinical use. This book is for education and care-planning support. It should be used with clinical judgment and checked against local protocols before it guides patient care. Statements marked URGENT need immediate escalation per local policy.

To every patient who trusted a nurse on their hardest day, and to the families who waited beside them. And to nurses everywhere, who show up, listen, and care.